Christopher R Flowers, M.D., M.S.

Peer-Reviewed Articles

1. Goldstein JS, Switchenko JM, Behera M, Flowers CR, Koff JL. Insurance status impacts overall survival in Burkitt lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 60(13):1-10, 2019. e-Pub 2019. PMID: 31274033.
2. Teras LR, Diver WR, Deubler EL, Krewski D, Flowers CR, Switchenko JM, Gapstur SM. Residential ambient benzene exposure in the United States and subsequent risk of hematologic malignancies. Int J Cancer 145(10):2647-2660, 2019. e-Pub 2019. PMID: 30737780.
3. Islam P, Goldstein J, Flowers CR. PET-derived tumor metrics predict DLBCL response and progression-free survival. Leuk Lymphoma 60(8):1965-1971, 2019. e-Pub 2019. PMID: 30714446.
4. Ritter AJ, Goldstein JS, Ayers AA, Flowers CR. Rural and urban patients with diffuse large B-cell and follicular lymphoma experience reduced overall survival: a National Cancer DataBase study. Leuk Lymphoma 60(7):1656-1667, 2019. e-Pub 2019. PMID: 30632824.
5. Çaglayan Ç, Goldstein JS, Ayer T, Rai A, Flowers CR. A population-based multistate model for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma-specific mortality in older patients. Cancer 125(11):1837-1847, 2019. e-Pub 2019. PMID: 30707765.
6. Shah NN, Xi Y, Liu Y, Koff JL, Flowers CR, Behera M, Cohen JB. Racial and Socioeconomic Disparities in Mantle Cell Lymphoma. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 19(6):e312-e320, 2019. e-Pub 2019. PMID: 31029647.
7. Çaglayan Ç, Terawaki H, Ayer T, Goldstein JS, Rai A, Chen Q, Flowers C. Assessing the Effectiveness of Treatment Sequences for Older Patients with High-risk Follicular Lymphoma With a Multistate Model. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 19(5):300-309.e5, 2019. e-Pub 2019. PMID: 30686772.
8. Chang A, Payne JB, Allen PB, Koff JL, Ahmed R, Flowers CR, Bednarczyk RA. Influenza Vaccination Documentation Rates During the First Year After Diagnosis of Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 19(4):239-243, 2019. e-Pub 2019. PMID: 30686773.
9. Badar T, Hamadani M, Bachanova V, Maddocks KJ, Umyarova E, Chavez JC, Epperla N, Chhabra S, Xavier AC, Karmali R, Salhab M, Reddy N, Glenn MJ, Hernandez-Ilizaliturri FJ, Flowers CR, Evens AM, Zhou Z, Lansigan F, Barta SK, Cohen JB, Fenske TS, Costa LJ. Efficacy of salvage chemotherapy in diffuse large B cell lymphoma with primary treatment failure according to putative cell of origin. Leuk Lymphoma 60(4):940-946, 2019. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 30277110.
10. Sharman JP, Forero-Torres A, Costa LJ, Flinn IW, Inhorn L, Kelly K, Bessudo A, Fayad LE, Kaminski MS, Evens AM, Flowers CR, Sahin D, Mundt KE, Sandmann T, Fingerle-Rowson G, Vignal C, Mobasher M, Zelenetz AD. Obinutuzumab plus CHOP is effective and has a tolerable safety profile in previously untreated, advanced diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: the phase II GATHER study. Leuk Lymphoma 60(4):894-903, 2019. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 30277102.
11. Gopalsamy SN, Rosenthal KM, Ayers AA, Goy A, Leonard JP, Vose JM, Obholz KL, Armitage JO, Flowers CR. Clinical impact of Internet-based tools to guide therapeutic decisions for mantle cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma:1-9. e-Pub 2019. PMID: 30848966.
12. Hall KH, Valla K, Flowers CR, Cohen JB. Intrathecal Central Nervous System Prophylaxis in Patients with Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma at an Academic Healthcare System. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 19(2):89-94, 2019. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 30528416.
13. Nastoupil LJ, Lunning MA, Vose JM, Schreeder MT, Siddiqi T, Flowers CR, Cohen JB, Burger JA, Wierda WG, O'Brien S, Sportelli P, Miskin HP, Purdom MA, Weiss MS, Fowler NH. Tolerability and activity of ublituximab, umbralisib, and ibrutinib in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a phase 1 dose escalation and expansion trial. Lancet Haematol 6(2):e100-e109, 2019. PMID: 30709431.
14. Link BK, Day BM, Zhou X, Zelenetz AD, Dawson KL, Cerhan JR, Flowers CR, Friedberg JW. Second line and subsequent therapy and outcomes for follicular lymphoma in the United States: data from the observational National LymphoCare Study. Br J Haematol 184(4):660-663, 2019. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 29611177.
15. Joseph NS, Kaufman JL, Boise LH, Valla K, Almaula DK, Obidike CO, Langston AA, Waller EK, Khoury HJ, Flowers CR, Graiser M, Heffner LT, Lonial S, Nooka AK. Safety and survival outcomes for bloodless transplantation in patients with myeloma. Cancer 125(2):185-193, 2019. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 30480777.
16. Calzada O, Switchenko JM, Maly JJ, Blum KA, Grover N, Mathews S, Park SI, Gordon M, Danilov A, Epperla N, Fenske TS, Hamadani M, Flowers CR, Cohen JB. Deferred treatment is a safe and viable option for selected patients with mantle cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 59(12):2862-2870, 2018. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 29912594.
17. Pophali PA, Ip A, Larson MC, Rosenthal AC, Maurer MJ, Flowers CR, Link BK, Farooq U, Feldman AL, Allmer C, Slager SL, Witzig TE, Habermann TM, Cohen JB, Cerhan JR, Thompson CA. The association of physical activity before and after lymphoma diagnosis with survival outcomes. Am J Hematol 93(12):1543-1550, 2018. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 30230581.
18. Blum KA, Keller FG, Castellino S, Phan A, Flowers CR. Incidence and outcomes of lymphoid malignancies in adolescent and young adult patients in the United States. Br J Haematol 183(3):385-399, 2018. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 30095154.
19. Flowers CR, Nabhan C, Kay NE, Mato A, Lamanna N, Farber CM, Davids MS, Kiselev P, Swern AS, Sullivan K, Flick ED, Sharman JP. Reasons for initiation of treatment and predictors of response for patients with Rai stage 0/1 chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) receiving first-line therapy: an analysis of the Connect® CLL cohort study. Leuk Lymphoma 59(10):2327-2335, 2018. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 29415595.
20. Taplitz RA, Kennedy EB, Bow EJ, Crews J, Gleason C, Hawley DK, Langston AA, Nastoupil LJ, Rajotte M, Rolston KV, Strasfeld L, Flowers CR. Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Adult Patients With Cancer-Related Immunosuppression: ASCO and IDSA Clinical Practice Guideline Update. J Clin Oncol 36(30):3043-3054, 2018. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 30179565.
21. de Vos S, Swinnen LJ, Wang D, Reid E, Fowler N, Cordero J, Dunbar M, Enschede SH, Nolan C, Petrich AM, Ross JA, Salem AH, Verdugo M, Agarwal S, Zhou L, Kozloff M, Nastoupil LJ, Flowers CR. Venetoclax, bendamustine, and rituximab in patients with relapsed or refractory NHL: a phase Ib dose-finding study. Ann Oncol 29(9):1932-1938, 2018. PMID: 30060083.
22. Goldstein JS, Nastoupil LJ, Han X, Jemal A, Ward E, Flowers CR. Disparities in survival by insurance status in follicular lymphoma. Blood 132(11):1159-1166, 2018. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 30042094.
23. Shi Q, Schmitz N, Ou FS, Dixon JG, Cunningham D, Pfreundschuh M, Seymour JF, Jaeger U, Habermann TM, Haioun C, Tilly H, Ghesquieres H, Merli F, Ziepert M, Herbrecht R, Flament J, Fu T, Coiffier B, Flowers CR. Progression-Free Survival as a Surrogate End Point for Overall Survival in First-Line Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: An Individual Patient-Level Analysis of Multiple Randomized Trials (SEAL). J Clin Oncol 36(25):2593-2602, 2018. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 29975624.
24. Yazbeck V, Shafer D, Perkins EB, Coppola D, Sokol L, Richards KL, Shea T, Ruan J, Parekh S, Strair R, Flowers C, Morgan D, Kmieciak M, Bose P, Kimball A, Badros AZ, Baz R, Lin HY, Zhao X, Reich RR, Tombes MB, Shrader E, Sankala H, Roberts JD, Sullivan D, Grant S, Holkova B. A Phase II Trial of Bortezomib and Vorinostat in Mantle Cell Lymphoma and Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 18(9):569-575.e1, 2018. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 30122201.
25. Kleinstern G, Maurer MJ, Liebow M, Habermann TM, Koff JL, Allmer C, Witzig TE, Nowakowski GS, Micallef IN, Johnston PB, Inwards DJ, Thompson CA, Feldman AL, Link BK, Flowers C, Slager SL, Cerhan JR. History of autoimmune conditions and lymphoma prognosis. Blood Cancer J 8(8):73, 2018. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 30069001.
26. Maurer MJ, Habermann TM, Shi Q, Schmitz N, Cunningham D, Pfreundschuh M, Seymour JF, Jaeger U, Haioun C, Tilly H, Ghesquieres H, Merli F, Ziepert M, Herbrecht R, Flament J, Fu T, Flowers CR, Coiffier B. Progression-free survival at 24 months (PFS24) and subsequent outcome for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) enrolled on randomized clinical trials. Ann Oncol 29(8):1822-1827, 2018. PMID: 29897404.
27. Chen Q, Staton AD, Ayer T, Goldstein DA, Koff JL, Flowers CR. Exploring the potential cost-effectiveness of precision medicine treatment strategies for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 59(7):1700-1709, 2018. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 29065744.
28. Wang SS, Carrington M, Berndt SI, Slager SL, Bracci PM, Voutsinas J, Cerhan JR, Smedby KE, Hjalgrim H, Vijai J, Morton LM, Vermeulen R, Paltiel O, Vajdic CM, Linet MS, Nieters A, de Sanjose S, Cozen W, Brown EE, Turner J, Spinelli JJ, Zheng T, Birmann BM, Flowers CR, Becker N, Holly EA, Kane E, Weisenburger D, Maynadie M, Cocco P, Albanes D, Weinstein SJ, Teras LR, Diver WR, Lax SJ, Travis RC, Kaaks R, Riboli E, Benavente Y, Brennan P, McKay J, Delfau-Larue MH, Link BK, Magnani C, Ennas MG, Latte G, Feldman AL, Doo NW, Giles GG, Southey MC, Milne RL, Offit K, Musinsky J, Arslan AA, Purdue MP, Adami HO, Melbye M, Glimelius B, Conde L, Camp NJ, Glenn M, Curtin K, Clavel J, Monnereau A, Cox DG, Ghesquières H, Salles G, Bofetta P, Foretova L, Staines A, Davis S, Severson RK, Lan Q, Brooks-Wilson A, Smith MT, Roman E, Kricker A, Zhang Y, Kraft P, Chanock SJ, Rothman N, Hartge P, Skibola CF. HLA Class I and II Diversity Contributes to the Etiologic Heterogeneity of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Subtypes. Cancer Res 78(14):4086-4096, 2018. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 29735552.
29. Wolf AMD, Fontham ETH, Church TR, Flowers CR, Guerra CE, LaMonte SJ, Etzioni R, McKenna MT, Oeffinger KC, Shih YT, Walter LC, Andrews KS, Brawley OW, Brooks D, Fedewa SA, Manassaram-Baptiste D, Siegel RL, Wender RC, Smith RA. Colorectal cancer screening for average-risk adults: 2018 guideline update from the American Cancer Society. CA Cancer J Clin 68(4):250-281, 2018. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 29846947.
30. Casulo C, Friedberg JW, Ahn KW, Flowers C, DiGilio A, Smith SM, Ahmed S, Inwards D, Aljurf M, Chen AI, Choe H, Cohen J, Copelan E, Farooq U, Fenske TS, Freytes C, Gaballa S, Ganguly S, Jethava Y, Kamble RT, Kenkre VP, Lazarus H, Lazaryan A, Olsson RF, Rezvani AR, Rizzieri D, Seo S, Shah GL, Shah N, Solh M, Sureda A, William B, Cumpston A, Zelenetz AD, Link BK, Hamadani M. Autologous Transplantation in Follicular Lymphoma with Early Therapy Failure: A National LymphoCare Study and Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research Analysis. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 24(6):1163-1171, 2018. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 29242111.
31. Greenwell IB, Staton AD, Lee MJ, Switchenko JM, Saxe DF, Maly JJ, Blum KA, Grover NS, Mathews SP, Gordon MJ, Danilov AV, Epperla N, Fenske TS, Hamadani M, Park SI, Flowers CR, Cohen JB. Complex karyotype in patients with mantle cell lymphoma predicts inferior survival and poor response to intensive induction therapy. Cancer 124(11):2306-2315, 2018. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 29579328.
32. Keegan THM, Li Q, Steele A, Alvarez EM, Brunson A, Flowers CR, Glaser SL, Wun T. Sociodemographic disparities in the occurrence of medical conditions among adolescent and young adult Hodgkin lymphoma survivors. Cancer Causes Control 29(6):551-561, 2018. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 29654427.
33. Koff JL, Li JX, Zhang X, Switchenko JM, Flowers CR, Waller EK. Impact of the posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder subtype on survival. Cancer 124(11):2327-2336, 2018. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 29579330.
34. Feldman AL, Flowers CR. Ethnic disparity in primary cutaneous CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders: an analysis of 1496 cases from the US National Cancer database. Br J Haematol 181(6):721-722, 2018. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 29676455.
35. Taplitz RA, Kennedy EB, Bow EJ, Crews J, Gleason C, Hawley DK, Langston AA, Nastoupil LJ, Rajotte M, Rolston K, Strasfeld L, Flowers CR. Outpatient Management of Fever and Neutropenia in Adults Treated for Malignancy: American Society of Clinical Oncology and Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice Guideline Update. J Clin Oncol 36(14):1443-1453, 2018. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 29461916.
36. Guidot DM, Switchenko JM, Nastoupil LJ, Koff JL, Blum KA, Maly J, Flowers CR, Cohen JB. Surveillance imaging in mantle cell lymphoma in first remission lacks clinical utility. Leuk Lymphoma 59(4):888-895, 2018. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 28797213.
37. Koff JL, Rai A, Flowers CR. Characterizing Autoimmune Disease-associated Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma in a SEER-Medicare Cohort. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 18(2):e115-e121, 2018. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 29273217.
38. Mato A, Nabhan C, Kay NE, Lamanna N, Kipps TJ, Grinblatt DL, Flowers CR, Farber CM, Davids MS, Kiselev P, Swern AS, Bhushan S, Sullivan K, Flick ED, Sharman JP. Prognostic Testing Patterns and Outcomes of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients Stratified by Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization/Cytogenetics: A Real-world Clinical Experience in the Connect CLL Registry. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 18(2):114-124.e2, 2018. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 29352719.
39. Petersen CT, Hassan M, Morris AB, Jeffery J, Lee K, Jagirdar N, Staton AD, Raikar SS, Spencer HT, Sulchek T, Flowers CR, Waller EK. Improving T-cell expansion and function for adoptive T-cell therapy using ex vivo treatment with PI3Kδ inhibitors and VIP antagonists. Blood Adv 2(3):210-223, 2018. PMID: 29386194.
40. Ahn IE, Farber CM, Davids MS, Grinblatt DL, Kay NE, Lamanna N, Mato A, Nabhan C, Kiselev P, Swern AS, Flick ED, Sullivan K, Sharman JP, Flowers CR. Early progression of disease as a predictor of survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood Adv 1(25):2433-2443, 2017. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 29296893.
41. Epperla N, Maddocks KJ, Salhab M, Chavez JC, Reddy N, Karmali R, Umyarova E, Bachanova V, Costa C, Glenn M, Calzada O, Xavier AC, Zhou Z, Hossain NM, Hernandez-Ilizaliturri FJ, Al-Mansour Z, Barta SK, Chhabra S, Lansigan F, Mehta A, Jaglal MV, Evens AM, Flowers CR, Cohen JB, Fenske TS, Hamadani M, Costa LJ. C-MYC-positive relapsed and refractory, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: Impact of additional "hits" and outcomes with subsequent therapy. Cancer 123(22):4411-4418, 2017. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 28749548.
42. Leonard JP, Kolibaba KS, Reeves JA, Tulpule A, Flinn IW, Kolevska T, Robles R, Flowers CR, Collins R, DiBella NJ, Papish SW, Venugopal P, Horodner A, Tabatabai A, Hajdenberg J, Park J, Neuwirth R, Mulligan G, Suryanarayan K, Esseltine DL, de Vos S. Randomized Phase II Study of R-CHOP With or Without Bortezomib in Previously Untreated Patients With Non-Germinal Center B-Cell-Like Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 35(31):3538-3546, 2017. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 28862883.
43. Lin RJ, Behera M, Diefenbach CS, Flowers CR. Role of anthracycline and comprehensive geriatric assessment for elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Blood 130(20):2180-2185, 2017. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 28814386.
44. Reddy A, Zhang J, Davis NS, Moffitt AB, Love CL, Waldrop A, Leppa S, Pasanen A, Meriranta L, Karjalainen-Lindsberg ML, Nørgaard P, Pedersen M, Gang AO, Høgdall E, Heavican TB, Lone W, Iqbal J, Qin Q, Li G, Kim SY, Healy J, Richards KL, Fedoriw Y, Bernal-Mizrachi L, Koff JL, Staton AD, Flowers CR, Paltiel O, Goldschmidt N, Calaminici M, Clear A, Gribben J, Nguyen E, Czader MB, Ondrejka SL, Collie A, Hsi ED, Tse E, Au-Yeung RKH, Kwong YL, Srivastava G, Choi WWL, Evens AM, Pilichowska M, Sengar M, Reddy N, Li S, Chadburn A, Gordon LI, Jaffe ES, Levy S, Rempel R, Tzeng T, Happ LE, Dave T, Rajagopalan D, Datta J, Dunson DB, Dave SS. Genetic and Functional Drivers of Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma. Cell 171(2):481-494.e15, 2017. PMID: 28985567.
45. Cohen JB, Maddocks KJ, Huang Y, Christian BA, Jaglowski SM, Flowers CR, Blum KA. A phase 2 trial of alisertib in patients with relapsed or refractory B-cellnon-Hodgkin lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 58(9):1-2, 2017. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 28278718.
46. Polite BN, Adams-Campbell LL, Brawley OW, Bickell N, Carethers JM, Flowers CR, Foti M, Gomez SL, Griggs JJ, Lathan CS, Li CI, Lichtenfeld JL, McCaskill-Stevens W, Paskett ED. Charting the future of cancer health disparities research: A position statement from the American Association for Cancer Research, the American Cancer Society, the American Society of Clinical Oncology, and the National Cancer Institute. CA Cancer J Clin 67(5):353-361, 2017. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 28738442.
47. Polite BN, Adams-Campbell LL, Brawley OW, Bickell N, Carethers JM, Flowers CR, Foti M, Gomez SL, Griggs JJ, Lathan CS, Li CI, Lichtenfeld JL, McCaskill-Stevens W, Paskett ED. Charting the Future of Cancer Health Disparities Research: A Position Statement from the American Association for Cancer Research, the American Cancer Society, the American Society of Clinical Oncology, and the National Cancer Institute. Cancer Res 77(17):4548-4555, 2017. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 28739629.
48. Polite BN, Adams-Campbell LL, Brawley OW, Bickell N, Carethers JM, Flowers CR, Foti M, Gomez SL, Griggs JJ, Lathan CS, Li CI, Lichtenfeld JL, McCaskill-Stevens W, Paskett ED. Charting the Future of Cancer Health Disparities Research: A Position Statement From the American Association for Cancer Research, the American Cancer Society, the American Society of Clinical Oncology, and the National Cancer Institute. J Clin Oncol 35(26):3075-3082, 2017. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 28737975.
49. Rai A, Nastoupil LJ, Williams JN, Lipscomb J, Ward KC, Howard DH, Lee D, Flowers CR. Patterns of use and survival outcomes of positron emission tomography for initial staging in elderly follicular lymphoma patients. Leuk Lymphoma 58(7):1570-1580, 2017. e-Pub 2016. PMID: 27830968.
50. Guo X, Koff JL, Moffitt AB, Cinar M, Ramachandiran S, Chen Z, Switchenko JM, Mosunjac M, Neill SG, Mann KP, Bagirov M, Du Y, Natkunam Y, Khoury HJ, Rossi MR, Harris W, Flowers CR, Lossos IS, Boise LH, Dave SS, Kowalski J, Bernal-Mizrachi L. Molecular impact of selective NFKB1 and NFKB2 signaling on DLBCL phenotype. Oncogene 36(29):4224-4232, 2017. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 28368397.
51. Hamilton BK, Rybicki L, Abounader D, Adekola K, Advani A, Aldoss I, Bachanova V, Bashey A, Brown S, DeLima M, Devine S, Flowers CR, Ganguly S, Jagasia M, Kennedy VE, Kim DDH, McGuirk J, Pullarkat V, Romee R, Sandhu K, Smith M, Ueda M, Viswabandya A, Vu K, Wall S, Zeichner SB, Perales MA, Majhail NS. Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Adult T Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 23(7):1117-1121, 2017. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 28396160.
52. Tao L, Clarke CA, Rosenberg AS, Advani RH, Jonas BA, Flowers CR, Keegan THM. Subsequent primary malignancies after diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the modern treatment era. Br J Haematol 178(1):72-80, 2017. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 28542862.
53. Goldstein DA, Chen Q, Ayer T, Chan KKW, Virik K, Hammerman A, Brenner B, Flowers CR, Hall PS. Bevacizumab for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Global Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. Oncologist 22(6):694-699, 2017. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 28592621.
54. Gopal AK, Kahl BS, Flowers CR, Martin P, Ansell SM, Abella-Dominicis E, Koh B, Ye W, Barr PM, Salles GA, Friedberg JW. Idelalisib is effective in patients with high-risk follicular lymphoma and early relapse after initial chemoimmunotherapy. Blood 129(22):3037-3039, 2017. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 28325864.
55. Shah NN, McClellan W, Flowers CR, Lonial S, Khoury H, Waller EK, Langston A, Nooka AK. Evaluating Risk Factors for Clostridium difficile Infection In Stem Cell Transplant Recipients: A National Study. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 38(6):651-657, 2017. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 28330512.
56. Zeichner SB, Goldstein DA, Kohn C, Flowers CR. Cost-effectiveness of precision medicine in gastrointestinal stromal tumor and gastric adenocarcinoma. J Gastrointest Oncol 8(3):513-523, 2017. PMID: 28736638.
57. Kohn CG, Zeichner SB, Chen Q, Montero AJ, Goldstein DA, Flowers CR. Cost-Effectiveness of Immune Checkpoint Inhibition in BRAF Wild-Type Advanced Melanoma. J Clin Oncol 35(11):1194-1202, 2017. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 28221865.
58. McKinney M, Moffitt AB, Gaulard P, Travert M, De Leval L, Nicolae A, Raffeld M, Jaffe ES, Pittaluga S, Xi L, Heavican T, Iqbal J, Belhadj K, Delfau-Larue MH, Fataccioli V, Czader MB, Lossos IS, Chapman-Fredricks JR, Richards KL, Fedoriw Y, Ondrejka SL, Hsi ED, Low L, Weisenburger D, Chan WC, Mehta-Shah N, Horwitz S, Bernal-Mizrachi L, Flowers CR, Beaven AW, Parihar M, Baseggio L, Parrens M, Moreau A, Sujobert P, Pilichowska M, Evens AM, Chadburn A, Au-Yeung RK, Srivastava G, Choi WW, Goodlad JR, Aurer I, Basic-Kinda S, Gascoyne RD, Davis NS, Li G, Zhang J, Rajagopalan D, Reddy A, Love C, Levy S, Zhuang Y, Datta J, Dunson DB, Davé SS. The Genetic Basis of Hepatosplenic T-cell Lymphoma. Cancer Discov 7(4):369-379, 2017. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 28122867.
59. Noy A, de Vos S, Thieblemont C, Martin P, Flowers CR, Morschhauser F, Collins GP, Ma S, Coleman M, Peles S, Smith S, Barrientos JC, Smith A, Munneke B, Dimery I, Beaupre DM, Chen R. Targeting Bruton tyrosine kinase with ibrutinib in relapsed/refractory marginal zone lymphoma. Blood 129(16):2224-2232, 2017. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 28167659.
60. Salles G, Schuster SJ, de Vos S, Wagner-Johnston ND, Viardot A, Blum KA, Flowers CR, Jurczak WJ, Flinn IW, Kahl BS, Martin P, Kim Y, Shreay S, Will M, Sorensen B, Breuleux M, Zinzani PL, Gopal AK. Efficacy and safety of idelalisib in patients with relapsed, rituximab- and alkylating agent-refractory follicular lymphoma: a subgroup analysis of a phase 2 study. Haematologica 102(4):e156-e159, 2017. e-Pub 2016. PMID: 27979923.
61. Wong-Sefidan I, Byrtek M, Zhou X, Friedberg JW, Flowers CR, Zelenetz AD, Dawson KL, Reid E. [18F] Positron emission tomography response after rituximab-containing induction therapy in follicular lymphoma is an independent predictor of survival after adjustment for FLIPI in academic and community-based practice. Leuk Lymphoma 58(4):809-815, 2017. e-Pub 2016. PMID: 27562750.
62. Han X, Jemal A, Hulland E, Simard EP, Nastoupil L, Ward E, Flowers CR. HIV Infection and Survival of Lymphoma Patients in the Era of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 26(3):303-311, 2017. e-Pub 2016. PMID: 27756777.
63. Nabhan C, Mato A, Flowers CR, Grinblatt DL, Lamanna N, Weiss MA, Davids MS, Swern AS, Bhushan S, Sullivan K, Flick ED, Kiselev P, Sharman JP. Characterizing and prognosticating chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the elderly: prospective evaluation on 455 patients treated in the United States. BMC Cancer 17(1):198, 2017. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 28302090.
64. Shi Q, Flowers CR, Hiddemann W, Marcus R, Herold M, Hagenbeek A, Kimby E, Hochster H, Vitolo U, Peterson BA, Gyan E, Ghielmini M, Nielsen T, De Bedout S, Fu T, Valente N, Fowler NH, Hoster E, Ladetto M, Morschhauser F, Zucca E, Salles G, Sargent DJ. Thirty-Month Complete Response as a Surrogate End Point in First-Line Follicular Lymphoma Therapy: An Individual Patient-Level Analysis of Multiple Randomized Trials. J Clin Oncol 35(5):552-560, 2017. e-Pub 2016. PMID: 28029309.
65. Costa LJ, Maddocks K, Epperla N, Reddy NM, Karmali R, Umyarova E, Bachanova V, Costa C, Glenn MJ, Chavez JC, Calzada O, Lansigan F, Nasheed H, Barta SK, Zhou Z, Jaglal M, Chhabra S, Hernandez-Ilizaliturri F, Xavier AC, Mehta A, Peker D, Forero-Torres A, Al-Mansour Z, Evens AM, Cohen JB, Flowers CR, Fenske TS, Hamadani M. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with primary treatment failure: Ultra-high risk features and benchmarking for experimental therapies. Am J Hematol 92(2):161-170, 2017. PMID: 27880984.
66. Chen Q, Jain N, Ayer T, Wierda WG, Flowers CR, O'Brien SM, Keating MJ, Kantarjian HM, Chhatwal J. Economic Burden of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia in the Era of Oral Targeted Therapies in the United States. J Clin Oncol 35(2):166-174, 2017. e-Pub 2016. PMID: 27870563.
67. Danish HH, Liu S, Jhaveri J, Flowers CR, Lechowicz MJ, Esiashvili N, Khan MK. Validation of cutaneous lymphoma international prognostic index (CLIPI) for mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome. Leuk Lymphoma 57(12):2813-2819, 2016. e-Pub 2016. PMID: 27104864.
68. Dhakal S, Advani R, Ballas LK, Dabaja BS, Flowers CR, Ha CS, Hoppe BS, Mendenhall NP, Metzger ML, Plastaras JP, Roberts KB, Shapiro R, Smith SM, Terezakis SA, Winkfield KM, Younes A, Constine LS, Expert Panel on Radiation Oncology–Lymphoma. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Hodgkin Lymphoma-Favorable Prognosis Stage I and II. Am J Clin Oncol 39(6):535-544, 2016. PMID: 27643717.
69. Mato A, Nabhan C, Kay NE, Weiss MA, Lamanna N, Kipps TJ, Grinblatt DL, Flinn IW, Kozloff MF, Flowers CR, Farber CM, Kiselev P, Swern AS, Sullivan K, Flick ED, Sharman JP. Real-world clinical experience in the Connect® chronic lymphocytic leukaemia registry: a prospective cohort study of 1494 patients across 199 US centres. Br J Haematol 175(5):892-903, 2016. e-Pub 2016. PMID: 27861736.
70. Winkfield KM, Advani RH, Ballas LK, Dabaja BS, Dhakal S, Flowers CR, Ha CS, Hoppe BS, Mansur DB, Mendenhall NP, Metzger ML, Plastaras JP, Roberts KB, Shapiro R, Smith SM, Terezakis SA, Younes A, Constine LS. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Recurrent Hodgkin Lymphoma. Oncology (Williston Park) 30(12):1099-103, 1106-8, 2016. PMID: 27987203.
71. Teras LR, DeSantis CE, Cerhan JR, Morton LM, Jemal A, Flowers CR. 2016 US lymphoid malignancy statistics by World Health Organization subtypes. CA Cancer J Clin 66(6):443-459, 2016. e-Pub 2016. PMID: 27618563.
72. Bulka C, Nastoupil LJ, Koff JL, Bernal-Mizrachi L, Ward KC, Williams JN, Bayakly AR, Switchenko JM, Waller LA, Flowers CR. Relations Between Residential Proximity to EPA-Designated Toxic Release Sites and Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Incidence. South Med J 109(10):606-614, 2016. PMID: 27706495.
73. Cassidy RJ, Jegadeesh N, Switchenko J, Danish H, Esiashvili N, Flowers CR, Khan MK. The role of radiotherapy for patients over age 60 with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the rituximab era. Leuk Lymphoma 57(8):1876-82, 2016. e-Pub 2016. PMID: 26759182.
74. Cohen JB, Han X, Jemal A, Ward EM, Flowers CR. Deferred therapy is associated with improved overall survival in patients with newly diagnosed mantle cell lymphoma. Cancer 122(15):2356-63, 2016. e-Pub 2016. PMID: 27153197.
75. DeFilipp Z, Langston AA, Chen Z, Zhang C, Arellano ML, El Rassi F, Flowers CR, Kota VK, Al-Kadhimi Z, Veldman R, Jillella AP, Lonial S, Waller EK, Khoury HJ. Does Post-Transplant Maintenance Therapy with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Improve Outcomes of Patients with High-Risk Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive Leukemia?. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 16(8):466-471.e1, 2016. e-Pub 2016. PMID: 27297665.
76. Nabhan C, Zhou X, Day BM, Dawson K, Zelenetz AD, Friedberg JW, Cerhan JR, Link BK, Flowers CR. Disease, treatment, and outcome differences between men and women with follicular lymphoma in the United States. Am J Hematol 91(8):770-5, 2016. e-Pub 2016. PMID: 27124800.
77. Roberts KB, Younes A, Hodgson DC, Advani R, Dabaja BS, Dhakal S, Flowers CR, Ha CS, Hoppe BS, Mendenhall NP, Metzger ML, Plastaras JP, Shapiro R, Smith SM, Terezakis SA, Winkfield KM, Constine LS, Expert Panel on Radiation OncologyLymphoma. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Hodgkin Lymphoma-Unfavorable Clinical Stage I and II. Am J Clin Oncol 39(4):384-95, 2016. PMID: 27299425.
78. Flowers CR, Costa LJ, Pasquini MC, Le-Rademacher J, Lill M, Shore TB, Vaughan W, Craig M, Freytes CO, Shea TC, Horwitz ME, Fay JW, Mineishi S, Rondelli D, Mason J, Braunschweig I, Ai W, Yeh RF, Rodriguez TE, Flinn I, Comeau T, Yeager AM, Pulsipher MA, Bence-Bruckler I, Laneuville P, Bierman P, Chen AI, Kato K, Wang Y, Xu C, Smith AJ, Waller EK. Efficacy of Pharmacokinetics-Directed Busulfan, Cyclophosphamide, and Etoposide Conditioning and Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation for Lymphoma: Comparison of a Multicenter Phase II Study and CIBMTR Outcomes. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 22(7):1197-1205, 2016. e-Pub 2016. PMID: 27040394.
79. Moss E, Goldstein DA, Bradley KT, Flowers CR, Murphy DA. Successful Robotic Excision and Early Chemotherapy for Primary Cardiac Lymphoma. Ann Thorac Surg 102(1):304-5, 2016. PMID: 27343500.
80. Danish HH, Heumann TR, Bradley KT, Switchenko J, Esiashvili N, Lechowicz MJ, Flowers CR, Khan MK. CD30+ Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma: Response to Rotational Total Skin Electron Irradiation. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 6(2):251-63, 2016. e-Pub 2016. PMID: 27085537.
81. Goldstein DA, Krishna K, Flowers CR, El-Rayes BF, Bekaii-Saab T, Noonan AM. Cost description of chemotherapy regimens for the treatment of metastatic pancreas cancer. Med Oncol 33(5):48, 2016. e-Pub 2016. PMID: 27067436.
82. Deng J, Pennati A, Cohen JB, Wu Y, Ng S, Wu JH, Flowers CR, Galipeau J. GIFT4 fusokine converts leukemic B cells into immune helper cells. J Transl Med 14(1):106, 2016. e-Pub 2016. PMID: 27118475.
83. Machiela MJ, Lan Q, Slager SL, Vermeulen RC, Teras LR, Camp NJ, Cerhan JR, Spinelli JJ, Wang SS, Nieters A, Vijai J, Yeager M, Wang Z, Ghesquières H, McKay J, Conde L, de Bakker PI, Cox DG, Burdett L, Monnereau A, Flowers CR, De Roos AJ, Brooks-Wilson AR, Giles GG, Melbye M, Gu J, Jackson RD, Kane E, Purdue MP, Vajdic CM, Albanes D, Kelly RS, Zucca M, Bertrand KA, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Lawrence C, Hutchinson A, Zhi D, Habermann TM, Link BK, Novak AJ, Dogan A, Asmann YW, Liebow M, Thompson CA, Ansell SM, Witzig TE, Tilly H, Haioun C, Molina TJ, Hjalgrim H, Glimelius B, Adami HO, Roos G, Bracci PM, Riby J, Smith MT, Holly EA, Cozen W, Hartge P, Morton LM, Severson RK, Tinker LF, North KE, Becker N, Benavente Y, Boffetta P, Brennan P, Foretova L, Maynadie M, Staines A, Lightfoot T, Crouch S, Smith A, Roman E, Diver WR, Offit K, Zelenetz A, Klein RJ, Villano DJ, Zheng T, Zhang Y, Holford TR, Turner J, Southey MC, Clavel J, Virtamo J, Weinstein S, Riboli E, Vineis P, Kaaks R, Boeing H, Tjønneland A, Angelucci E, Di Lollo S, Rais M, De Vivo I, Giovannucci E, Kraft P, Huang J, Ma B, Ye Y, Chiu BC, Liang L, Park JH, Chung CC, Weisenburger DD, Fraumeni JF, Salles G, Glenn M, Cannon-Albright L, Curtin K, Wu X, Smedby KE, de Sanjose S, Skibola CF, Berndt SI, Birmann BM, Chanock SJ, Rothman N. Genetically predicted longer telomere length is associated with increased risk of B-cell lymphoma subtypes. Hum Mol Genet 25(8):1663-76, 2016. e-Pub 2016. PMID: 27008888.
84. Switchenko JM, Bulka C, Ward K, Koff JL, Bayakly AR, Ryan PB, Waller LA, Flowers CR. Resolving uncertainty in the spatial relationships between passive benzene exposure and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Cancer Epidemiol 41:139-51, 2016. e-Pub 2016. PMID: 26949112.
85. Nastoupil LJ, Sinha R, Byrtek M, Ziemiecki R, Zhou X, Taylor M, Friedberg JW, Link BK, Cerhan JR, Dawson K, Flowers CR. Outcomes following watchful waiting for stage II-IV follicular lymphoma patients in the modern era. Br J Haematol 172(5):724-34, 2016. e-Pub 2016. PMID: 26729445.
86. Goldstein DA, Zeichner SB, Bartnik CM, Neustadter E, Flowers CR. Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review of the Value of Current Therapies. Clin Colorectal Cancer 15(1):1-6, 2016. e-Pub 2015. PMID: 26541320.
87. Flinn IW, Bartlett NL, Blum KA, Ardeshna KM, LaCasce AS, Flowers CR, Shustov AR, Thress KS, Mitchell P, Zheng F, Skolnik JM, Friedberg JW. A phase II trial to evaluate the efficacy of fostamatinib in patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Eur J Cancer 54:11-17, 2016. e-Pub 2015. PMID: 26707592.
88. Keegan TH, DeRouen MC, Parsons HM, Clarke CA, Goldberg D, Flowers CR, Glaser SL. Impact of Treatment and Insurance on Socioeconomic Disparities in Survival after Adolescent and Young Adult Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Population-Based Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 25(2):264-73, 2016. e-Pub 2016. PMID: 26826029.
89. Chen Q, Ayer T, Nastoupil LJ, Koff JL, Staton AD, Chhatwal J, Flowers CR. Population-specific prognostic models are needed to stratify outcomes for African Americans with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 57(4):842-51, 2016. e-Pub 2015. PMID: 26415108.
90. Yun HD, Dossul T, Bernal-Mizrachi L, Switchenko J, Ndibe C, Ibraheem A, Dixon MD, Langston AA, Nooka AK, Flowers CR, Pentz RD, Waller EK. Referral Patterns and Clinical Outcomes for Transplant-Eligible Lymphoma and Myeloma Patients Evaluated at an Urban County Hospital. J Stem Cell Res Ther 6, 2016. e-Pub 2016. PMID: 28966870.
91. Jagirdar N, Harvey RD, Nooka A, Flowers C, Kaufman J, Lonial S, Lechowicz MJ, Langston A, Lipscomb C, Gaylor C, Waller EK. Plerixafor in combination with granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor after chemotherapy increases mobilization efficiency in patients with lymphoma or myeloma: results of a Phase II clinical trial. Transfusion 55(10):2351-7, 2015. e-Pub 2015. PMID: 26331348.
92. Hung OY, Brown JR, Dai T, Easley KA, Flowers CR, Parashar S. Pattern of cardiac surveillance among patients with lymphoma receiving anthracycline-based chemotherapy. BMJ Open 5(10):e008350, 2015. e-Pub 2015. PMID: 26443656.
93. Oeffinger KC, Fontham ET, Etzioni R, Herzig A, Michaelson JS, Shih YC, Walter LC, Church TR, Flowers CR, LaMonte SJ, Wolf AM, DeSantis C, Lortet-Tieulent J, Andrews K, Manassaram-Baptiste D, Saslow D, Smith RA, Brawley OW, Wender R, American Cancer Society. Breast Cancer Screening for Women at Average Risk: 2015 Guideline Update from the American Cancer Society. JAMA 314(15):1599-614, 2015. PMID: 26501536.
94. Casulo C, Byrtek M, Dawson KL, Zhou X, Farber CM, Flowers CR, Hainsworth JD, Maurer MJ, Cerhan JR, Link BK, Zelenetz AD, Friedberg JW. Early Relapse of Follicular Lymphoma After Rituximab Plus Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisone Defines Patients at High Risk for Death: An Analysis from the National LymphoCare Study. J Clin Oncol 33(23):2516-22, 2015. e-Pub 2015. PMID: 26124482.
95. Wagner-Johnston ND, Link BK, Byrtek M, Dawson KL, Hainsworth J, Flowers CR, Friedberg JW, Bartlett NL. Outcomes of transformed follicular lymphoma in the modern era: a report from the National LymphoCare Study (NLCS). Blood 126(7):851-7, 2015. e-Pub 2015. PMID: 26105149.
96. Nabhan C, Byrtek M, Rai A, Dawson K, Zhou X, Link BK, Friedberg JW, Zelenetz AD, Maurer MJ, Cerhan JR, Flowers CR. Disease characteristics, treatment patterns, prognosis, outcomes and lymphoma-related mortality in elderly follicular lymphoma in the United States. Br J Haematol 170(1):85-95, 2015. e-Pub 2015. PMID: 25851937.
97. Barr PM, Li H, Spier C, Mahadevan D, LeBlanc M, Ul Haq M, Huber BD, Flowers CR, Wagner-Johnston ND, Horwitz SM, Fisher RI, Cheson BD, Smith SM, Kahl BS, Bartlett NL, Friedberg JW. Phase II Intergroup Trial of Alisertib in Relapsed and Refractory Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma and Transformed Mycosis Fungoides: SWOG 1108. J Clin Oncol 33(21):2399-404, 2015. e-Pub 2015. PMID: 26077240.
98. Williams JN, Rai A, Lipscomb J, Koff JL, Nastoupil LJ, Flowers CR. Disease characteristics, patterns of care, and survival in very elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Cancer 121(11):1800-8, 2015. e-Pub 2015. PMID: 25675909.
99. Nastoupil LJ, Sinha R, Byrtek M, Ziemiecki R, Taylor M, Friedberg JW, Koff JL, Link BK, Cerhan JR, Dawson KL, Flowers CR. Comparison of the effectiveness of frontline chemoimmunotherapy regimens for follicular lymphoma used in the United States. Leuk Lymphoma 56(5):1295-302, 2015. e-Pub 2014. PMID: 25263322.
100. Heumann TR, Esiashvili N, Parker S, Switchenko JM, Dhabbaan A, Goodman M, Lechowicz MJ, Flowers CR, Khan MK. Total skin electron therapy for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma using a modern dual-field rotational technique. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 92(1):183-91, 2015. e-Pub 2015. PMID: 25670538.
101. Jegadeesh N, Rajpara R, Esiashvili N, Shi Z, Liu Y, Okwan-Duodu D, Flowers CR, Khan MK. Predictors of local recurrence after rituximab-based chemotherapy alone in stage III and IV diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: guiding decisions for consolidative radiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 92(1):107-12, 2015. PMID: 25863758.
102. Davis CC, Cohen JB, Shah KS, Hutcherson DA, Surati MJ, Valla K, Panjic EH, Handler CE, Switchenko JM, Flowers CR. Efficacy and tolerability of anthracycline-based therapy in elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 15(5):270-7, 2015. e-Pub 2014. PMID: 25704479.
103. Goldstein DA, Chen Q, Ayer T, Howard DH, Lipscomb J, El-Rayes BF, Flowers CR. First- and second-line bevacizumab in addition to chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer: a United States-based cost-effectiveness analysis. J Clin Oncol 33(10):1112-8, 2015. e-Pub 2015. PMID: 25691669.
104. Wang SS, Vajdic CM, Linet MS, Slager SL, Voutsinas J, Nieters A, de Sanjose S, Cozen W, Alarcón GS, Martinez-Maza O, Brown EE, Bracci PM, Lightfoot T, Turner J, Hjalgrim H, Spinelli JJ, Zheng T, Morton LM, Birmann BM, Flowers CR, Paltiel O, Becker N, Holly EA, Kane E, Weisenburger D, Maynadie M, Cocco P, Foretova L, Staines A, Davis S, Severson R, Cerhan JR, Breen EC, Lan Q, Brooks-Wilson A, De Roos AJ, Smith MT, Roman E, Boffetta P, Kricker A, Zhang Y, Skibola C, Chanock SJ, Rothman N, Benavente Y, Hartge P, Smedby KE. Associations of non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) risk with autoimmune conditions according to putative NHL loci. Am J Epidemiol 181(6):406-21, 2015. e-Pub 2015. PMID: 25713336.
105. Chen Q, Ayer T, Nastoupil LJ, Rose AC, Flowers CR. Comparing the cost-effectiveness of rituximab maintenance and radioimmunotherapy consolidation versus observation following first-line therapy in patients with follicular lymphoma. Value Health 18(2):189-97, 2015. PMID: 25773554.
106. Flowers CR, Cohen JB, Khan MK. Rebirth of radiotherapy for elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the rituximab era. Leuk Lymphoma 56(3):557-8, 2015. e-Pub 2014. PMID: 25315073.
107. Goldstein DA, Shaib WL, Flowers CR. Costs and effectiveness of genomic testing in the management of colorectal cancer. Oncology (Williston Park) 29(3):175-83, 2015. PMID: 25783977.
108. Nastoupil LJ, Shenoy PJ, Ambinder A, Koff JL, Nooka AK, Waller EK, Langston A, Seward M, Kaufman JL, Bernal-Mizrachi L, King N, Lechowicz MJ, Lonial S, Sinha R, Flowers CR. Intensive chemotherapy and consolidation with high dose therapy and autologous stem cell transplant in patients with mantle cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 56(2):383-9, 2015. e-Pub 2014. PMID: 24828864.
109. Lyman GH, Bohlke K, Khorana AA, Kuderer NM, Lee AY, Arcelus JI, Balaban EP, Clarke JM, Flowers CR, Francis CW, Gates LE, Kakkar AK, Key NS, Levine MN, Liebman HA, Tempero MA, Wong SL, Somerfield MR, Falanga A, American Society of Clinical Oncology. Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis and treatment in patients with cancer: american society of clinical oncology clinical practice guideline update 2014. J Clin Oncol 33(6):654-6, 2015. e-Pub 2015. PMID: 25605844.
110. Read JA, Koff JL, Nastoupil LJ, Williams JN, Cohen JB, Flowers CR. Evaluating cell-of-origin subtype methods for predicting diffuse large B-cell lymphoma survival: a meta-analysis of gene expression profiling and immunohistochemistry algorithms. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 14(6):460-467.e2, 2014. e-Pub 2014. PMID: 25052052.
111. Goldstein DA, Chen Q, Ayer T, Howard DH, Lipscomb J, Harvey RD, El-Rayes BF, Flowers CR. Cost effectiveness analysis of pharmacokinetically-guided 5-fluorouracil in FOLFOX chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer. Clin Colorectal Cancer 13(4):219-25, 2014. e-Pub 2014. PMID: 25306485.
112. Abramson JS, Feldman T, Kroll-Desrosiers AR, Muffly LS, Winer E, Flowers CR, Lansigan F, Nabhan C, Nastoupil LJ, Nath R, Goy A, Castillo JJ, Jagadeesh D, Woda B, Rosen ST, Smith SM, Evens AM. Peripheral T-cell lymphomas in a large US multicenter cohort: prognostication in the modern era including impact of frontline therapy. Ann Oncol 25(11):2211-7, 2014. e-Pub 2014. PMID: 25193992.
113. Petrich AM, Gandhi M, Jovanovic B, Castillo JJ, Rajguru S, Yang DT, Shah KA, Whyman JD, Lansigan F, Hernandez-Ilizaliturri FJ, Lee LX, Barta SK, Melinamani S, Karmali R, Adeimy C, Smith S, Dalal N, Nabhan C, Peace D, Vose J, Evens AM, Shah N, Fenske TS, Zelenetz AD, Landsburg DJ, Howlett C, Mato A, Jaglal M, Chavez JC, Tsai JP, Reddy N, Li S, Handler C, Flowers CR, Cohen JB, Blum KA, Song K, Sun HL, Press O, Cassaday R, Jaso J, Medeiros LJ, Sohani AR, Abramson JS. Impact of induction regimen and stem cell transplantation on outcomes in double-hit lymphoma: a multicenter retrospective analysis. Blood 124(15):2354-61, 2014. e-Pub 2014. PMID: 25161267.
114. El Rassi F, Ward KC, Flowers CR, Heffner LT, Waller EK, Winton EF, Vaughn J, Hill BG, Langston A, Nooka A, Arellano M, Khoury HJ. Incidence and geographic distribution of adult acute leukemia in the state of Georgia. South Med J 107(8):497-500, 2014. PMID: 25084186.
115. Linet MS, Vajdic CM, Morton LM, de Roos AJ, Skibola CF, Boffetta P, Cerhan JR, Flowers CR, de Sanjosé S, Monnereau A, Cocco P, Kelly JL, Smith AG, Weisenburger DD, Clarke CA, Blair A, Bernstein L, Zheng T, Miligi L, Clavel J, Benavente Y, Chiu BC. Medical history, lifestyle, family history, and occupational risk factors for follicular lymphoma: the InterLymph Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Subtypes Project. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2014(48):26-40, 2014. PMID: 25174024.
116. Wang SS, Flowers CR, Kadin ME, Chang ET, Hughes AM, Ansell SM, Feldman AL, Lightfoot T, Boffetta P, Melbye M, Lan Q, Sampson JN, Morton LM, Zhang Y, Weisenburger DD. Medical history, lifestyle, family history, and occupational risk factors for peripheral T-cell lymphomas: the InterLymph Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Subtypes Project. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2014(48):66-75, 2014. PMID: 25174027.
117. Smedby KE, Sampson JN, Turner JJ, Slager SL, Maynadié M, Roman E, Habermann TM, Flowers CR, Berndt SI, Bracci PM, Hjalgrim H, Weisenburger DD, Morton LM. Medical history, lifestyle, family history, and occupational risk factors for mantle cell lymphoma: the InterLymph Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Subtypes Project. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2014(48):76-86, 2014. PMID: 25174028.
118. Morton LM, Slager SL, Cerhan JR, Wang SS, Vajdic CM, Skibola CF, Bracci PM, de Sanjosé S, Smedby KE, Chiu BC, Zhang Y, Mbulaiteye SM, Monnereau A, Turner JJ, Clavel J, Adami HO, Chang ET, Glimelius B, Hjalgrim H, Melbye M, Crosignani P, di Lollo S, Miligi L, Nanni O, Ramazzotti V, Rodella S, Costantini AS, Stagnaro E, Tumino R, Vindigni C, Vineis P, Becker N, Benavente Y, Boffetta P, Brennan P, Cocco P, Foretova L, Maynadié M, Nieters A, Staines A, Colt JS, Cozen W, Davis S, de Roos AJ, Hartge P, Rothman N, Severson RK, Holly EA, Call TG, Feldman AL, Habermann TM, Liebow M, Blair A, Cantor KP, Kane EV, Lightfoot T, Roman E, Smith A, Brooks-Wilson A, Connors JM, Gascoyne RD, Spinelli JJ, Armstrong BK, Kricker A, Holford TR, Lan Q, Zheng T, Orsi L, Dal Maso L, Franceschi S, La Vecchia C, Negri E, Serraino D, Bernstein L, Levine A, Friedberg JW, Kelly JL, Berndt SI, Birmann BM, Clarke CA, Flowers CR, Foran JM, Kadin ME, Paltiel O, Weisenburger DD, Linet MS, Sampson JN. Etiologic heterogeneity among non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes: the InterLymph Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Subtypes Project. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2014(48):130-44, 2014. PMID: 25174034.
119. Cerhan JR, Kricker A, Paltiel O, Flowers CR, Wang SS, Monnereau A, Blair A, Dal Maso L, Kane EV, Nieters A, Foran JM, Miligi L, Clavel J, Bernstein L, Rothman N, Slager SL, Sampson JN, Morton LM, Skibola CF. Medical history, lifestyle, family history, and occupational risk factors for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: the InterLymph Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Subtypes Project. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2014(48):15-25, 2014. PMID: 25174023.
120. Terezakis SA, Metzger ML, Hodgson DC, Schwartz CL, Advani R, Flowers CR, Hoppe BS, Ng A, Roberts KB, Shapiro R, Wilder RB, Yunes MJ, Constine LS. ACR Appropriateness Criteria Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 61(7):1305-12, 2014. e-Pub 2014. PMID: 24616347.
121. Nooka AK, Johnson HR, Kaufman JL, Flowers CR, Langston A, Steuer C, Graiser M, Ali Z, Shah NN, Rangaraju S, Nickleach D, Gao J, Lonial S, Waller EK. Pharmacoeconomic analysis of palifermin to prevent mucositis among patients undergoing autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 20(6):852-857, 2014. e-Pub 2014. PMID: 24607557.
122. Nastoupil LJ, Sinha R, Byrtek M, Zhou X, Taylor MD, Friedberg JW, Link BK, Cerhan JR, Dawson K, Flowers CR. The use and effectiveness of rituximab maintenance in patients with follicular lymphoma diagnosed between 2004 and 2007 in the United States. Cancer 120(12):1830-7, 2014. e-Pub 2014. PMID: 24668580.
123. Han X, Jemal A, Flowers CR, Sineshaw H, Nastoupil LJ, Ward E. Insurance status is related to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma survival. Cancer 120(8):1220-7, 2014. e-Pub 2014. PMID: 24474436.
124. Gopal AK, Kahl BS, de Vos S, Wagner-Johnston ND, Schuster SJ, Jurczak WJ, Flinn IW, Flowers CR, Martin P, Viardot A, Blum KA, Goy AH, Davies AJ, Zinzani PL, Dreyling M, Johnson D, Miller LL, Holes L, Li D, Dansey RD, Godfrey WR, Salles GA. PI3Kδ inhibition by idelalisib in patients with relapsed indolent lymphoma. N Engl J Med 370(11):1008-18, 2014. e-Pub 2014. PMID: 24450858.
125. Langston AA, Prichard JM, Muppidi S, Nooka A, Lechowicz MJ, Lonial S, Sinha R, Graiser M, Kaufman JL, Khoury HJ, Flowers CR, Waller EK. Favorable impact of pre-transplant ATG on outcomes of reduced-intensity hematopoietic cell transplants from partially mismatched unrelated donors. Bone Marrow Transplant 49(2):185-9, 2014. e-Pub 2013. PMID: 24162613.
126. Nooka AK, Kaufman JL, Behera M, Langston A, Waller EK, Flowers CR, Gleason C, Boise LH, Lonial S. Bortezomib-containing induction regimens in transplant-eligible myeloma patients: a meta-analysis of phase 3 randomized clinical trials. Cancer 119(23):4119-28, 2013. e-Pub 2013. PMID: 24005889.
127. Martin P, Byrtek M, Dawson K, Ziemiecki R, Friedberg JW, Cerhan JR, Flowers CR, Link BK. Patterns of delivery of chemoimmunotherapy to patients with follicular lymphoma in the United States: results of the National LymphoCare Study. Cancer 119(23):4129-36, 2013. e-Pub 2013. PMID: 24006156.
128. Sinha R, Shenoy PJ, King N, Lechowicz MJ, Bumpers K, Hutcherson D, Arellano M, Langston A, Kaufman J, Heffner LT, Waller EK, Nooka A, Flowers CR, Lonial S. Vinorelbine, paclitaxel, etoposide, cisplatin, and cytarabine (VTEPA) is an effective second salvage therapy for relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 13(6):657-63, 2013. e-Pub 2013. PMID: 24094894.
129. Evens AM, Advani R, Press OW, Lossos IS, Vose JM, Hernandez-Ilizaliturri FJ, Robinson BK, Otis S, Nadav Dagan L, Abdallah R, Kroll-Desrosiers A, Yarber JL, Sandoval J, Foyil K, Parker LM, Gordon LI, Blum KA, Flowers CR, Leonard JP, Habermann TM, Bartlett NL. Lymphoma occurring during pregnancy: antenatal therapy, complications, and maternal survival in a multicenter analysis. J Clin Oncol 31(32):4132-9, 2013. e-Pub 2013. PMID: 24043736.
130. Pashos CL, Flowers CR, Kay NE, Weiss M, Lamanna N, Farber C, Lerner S, Sharman J, Grinblatt D, Flinn IW, Kozloff M, Swern AS, Street TK, Sullivan KA, Harding G, Khan ZM. Association of health-related quality of life with gender in patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Support Care Cancer 21(10):2853-60, 2013. e-Pub 2013. PMID: 23748484.
131. Harvey RD, Kaufman JL, Johnson HR, Nooka A, Vaughn L, Flowers CR, Khoury HJ, Lechowicz MJ, Langston AA, Lonial S, Waller EK. Temporal changes in plerixafor administration and hematopoietic stem cell mobilization efficacy: results of a prospective clinical trial in multiple myeloma. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 19(9):1393-5, 2013. e-Pub 2013. PMID: 23764455.
132. Bulka C, Nastoupil LJ, McClellan W, Ambinder A, Phillips A, Ward K, Bayakly AR, Switchenko JM, Waller L, Flowers CR. Residence proximity to benzene release sites is associated with increased incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Cancer 119(18):3309-17, 2013. e-Pub 2013. PMID: 23896932.
133. Hoppe BS, Hodgson DC, Advani R, Dabaja BS, Flowers CR, Ha CS, Metzger ML, Plastaras JP, Roberts KB, Shapiro R, Terezakis SA, Winkfield KM, Younes A, Constine LS. ACR Appropriateness Criteria: Localized nodal indolent lymphoma. Oncology (Williston Park) 27(8):786-94, 2013. PMID: 24133827.
134. Lyman GH, Khorana AA, Kuderer NM, Lee AY, Arcelus JI, Balaban EP, Clarke JM, Flowers CR, Francis CW, Gates LE, Kakkar AK, Key NS, Levine MN, Liebman HA, Tempero MA, Wong SL, Prestrud AA, Falanga A, American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice. Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis and treatment in patients with cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology clinical practice guideline update. J Clin Oncol 31(17):2189-204, 2013. e-Pub 2013. PMID: 23669224.
135. Imam MH, Shenoy PJ, Flowers CR, Phillips A, Lechowicz MJ. Incidence and survival patterns of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas in the United States. Leuk Lymphoma 54(4):752-9, 2013. e-Pub 2013. PMID: 23004352.
136. Ambinder AJ, Shenoy PJ, Nastoupil LJ, Flowers CR. Using primary site as a predictor of survival in mantle cell lymphoma. Cancer 119(8):1570-7, 2013. e-Pub 2013. PMID: 23341329.
137. Wender R, Fontham ET, Barrera E, Colditz GA, Church TR, Ettinger DS, Etzioni R, Flowers CR, Gazelle GS, Kelsey DK, LaMonte SJ, Michaelson JS, Oeffinger KC, Shih YC, Sullivan DC, Travis W, Walter L, Wolf AM, Brawley OW, Smith RA. American Cancer Society lung cancer screening guidelines. CA Cancer J Clin 63(2):107-17, 2013. e-Pub 2013. PMID: 23315954.
138. Flowers CR, Shenoy PJ, Borate U, Bumpers K, Douglas-Holland T, King N, Brawley OW, Lipscomb J, Lechowicz MJ, Sinha R, Grover RS, Bernal-Mizrachi L, Kowalski J, Donnellan W, The A, Reddy V, Jaye DL, Foran J. Examining racial differences in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma presentation and survival. Leuk Lymphoma 54(2):268-76, 2013. PMID: 22800091.
139. Nooka AK, Nabhan C, Zhou X, Taylor MD, Byrtek M, Miller TP, Friedberg JW, Zelenetz AD, Link BK, Cerhan JR, Dillon H, Sinha R, Shenoy PJ, Levy D, Dawson K, Hirata JH, Flowers CR. Examination of the follicular lymphoma international prognostic index (FLIPI) in the National LymphoCare study (NLCS): a prospective US patient cohort treated predominantly in community practices. Ann Oncol 24(2):441-8, 2013. e-Pub 2012. PMID: 23041589.
140. Flowers CR, Seidenfeld J, Bow EJ, Karten C, Gleason C, Hawley DK, Kuderer NM, Langston AA, Marr KA, Rolston KV, Ramsey SD. Antimicrobial prophylaxis and outpatient management of fever and neutropenia in adults treated for malignancy: American Society of Clinical Oncology clinical practice guideline. J Clin Oncol 31(6):794-810, 2013. e-Pub 2013. PMID: 23319691.
141. Kaufman JL, Flowers CR, Rados KD, Calandra GB, Vose JM, Hewes LB, Lonial S, Langston AA, Khoury HJ, Lechowicz MJ, Waller EK. A prospective clinical trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of the combination of rituximab and plerixafor as a mobilization regimen for patients with lymphoma. Transfusion 53(1):76-84, 2013. e-Pub 2012. PMID: 22624594.
142. Lonial S, Akhtari M, Kaufman J, Torre C, Lechowicz MJ, Flowers C, Sinha R, Khoury HJ, Langston AA, Waller EK. Mobilization of hematopoietic progenitors from normal donors using the combination of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor results in fewer plasmacytoid dendritic cells in the graft and enhanced donor T cell engraftment with Th1 polarization: results from a randomized clinical trial. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 19:460-467, 2013.
143. Shi Z, Das S, Okwan-Duodu D, Esiashvili N, Flowers C, Chen Z, Wang X, Jiang K, Nastoupil LJ, Khan MK. Patterns of failure in advanced stage diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients after complete response to R-CHOP immunochemotherapy and the emerging role of consolidative radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 86:569-577, 2013.
144. Zhang J, Grubor V, Love CL, Banerjee A, Richards KL, Mieczkowski PA, Dunphy C, Choi W, Au WY, Srivastava G, Lugar PL, Rizzieri DA, Lagoo AS, Bernal-Mizrachi L, Mann KP, Flowers C, Naresh K, Evens A, Gordon LI, Czader M, Gill JI, Hsi ED, Liu Q, Fan A, Walsh K, Jima D, Smith LL, Johnson AJ, Byrd JC, Luftig MA, Ni T, Zhu J, Chadburn A, Levy S, Dunson D, Dave SS. Genetic heterogeneity of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 110(4):1398-403, 2013. e-Pub 2013. PMID: 23292937.
145. Love C, Sun Z, Jima D, Li G, Zhang J, Miles R, Richards KL, Dunphy CH, Choi WW, Srivastava G, Lugar PL, Rizzieri DA, Lagoo AS, Bernal-Mizrachi L, Mann KP, Flowers CR, Naresh KN, Evens AM, Chadburn A, Gordon LI, Czader MB, Gill JI, Hsi ED, Greenough A, Moffitt AB, McKinney M, Banerjee A, Grubor V, Levy S, Dunson DB, Dave SS. The genetic landscape of mutations in Burkitt lymphoma. Nat Genet 44(12):1321-5, 2012. e-Pub 2012. PMID: 23143597.
146. Rose AC, Shenoy PJ, Garrett G, Seward M, Kucuk RA, Doksansky H, Nastoupil LJ, Flowers CR. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of radioimmunotherapy consolidation for patients with untreated follicular lymphoma. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 12(6):393-9, 2012. PMID: 23158095.
147. Nabhan C, Byrtek M, Taylor MD, Friedberg JW, Cerhan JR, Hainsworth JD, Miller TP, Hirata J, Link BK, Flowers CR. Racial differences in presentation and management of follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the United States: report from the National LymphoCare Study. Cancer 118(19):4842-50, 2012. e-Pub 2012. PMID: 22434428.
148. Muringampurath-John D, Jaye DL, Flowers CR, Saxe D, Chen Z, Lechowicz MJ, Weisenburger DD, Bast M, Arellano ML, Bernal-Mizrachi L, Heffner LT, McLemore M, Kaufman JL, Winton EF, Lonial S, Armitage JO, Khoury HJ. Characteristics and outcomes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma presenting in leukaemic phase. Br J Haematol 158(5):608-14, 2012. e-Pub 2012. PMID: 22758202.
149. Flowers CR, Fedewa SA, Chen AY, Nastoupil LJ, Lipscomb J, Brawley OW, Ward EM. Disparities in the early adoption of chemoimmunotherapy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the United States. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 21(9):1520-30, 2012. e-Pub 2012. PMID: 22771484.
150. Friedberg JW, Byrtek M, Link BK, Flowers C, Taylor M, Hainsworth J, Cerhan JR, Zelenetz AD, Hirata J, Miller TP. Effectiveness of first-line management strategies for stage I follicular lymphoma: analysis of the National LymphoCare Study. J Clin Oncol 30(27):3368-75, 2012. e-Pub 2012. PMID: 22915662.
151. Zhang H, Graiser M, Hutcherson DA, Dada MO, McMillan S, Ali Z, Flowers CR, Waller EK. Pharmacokinetic-directed high-dose busulfan combined with cyclophosphamide and etoposide results in predictable drug levels and durable long-term survival in lymphoma patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 18(8):1287-94, 2012. e-Pub 2012. PMID: 22370160.
152. Sinha R, Kaufman JL, Khoury HJ, King N, Shenoy PJ, Lewis C, Bumpers K, Hutchison-Rzepka A, Tighiouart M, Heffner LT, Lechowicz MJ, Lonial S, Flowers CR. A phase 1 dose escalation study of bortezomib combined with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, modified vincristine, and prednisone for untreated follicular lymphoma and other low-grade B-cell lymphomas. Cancer 118(14):3538-48, 2012. e-Pub 2012. PMID: 22535574.
153. Muringampurath-John D, Flowers CR, Toscano M, Zhengjia C, Kaufman JL, Arellano M, Bernal-Mizrachi L, Heffner LT, Lechowicz MJ, McLemore M, Winton E, Jaye DL, Lonial S, Khoury HJ. Rituximab-hyperfractionated cyclophosphamide, vincristine, adriamycin and dexamethasone alternating with high-dose cytarabine and methotrexate for aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 53(4):725-7, 2012. e-Pub 2011. PMID: 21888615.
154. Sinha R, Nastoupil L, Flowers CR. Treatment Strategies for Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Past, Present, and Future. Blood Lymphat Cancer 2012(2):87-98, 2012. PMID: 23532092.
155. Shenoy PJ, Malik N, Sinha R, Nooka A, Nastoupil LJ, Smith M, Flowers CR. Racial differences in the presentation and outcomes of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and variants in the United States. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 11(6):498-506, 2011. e-Pub 2011. PMID: 21889433.
156. Li J, Hamilton E, Vaughn L, Graiser M, Renfroe H, Lechowicz MJ, Langston A, Prichard JM, Anderson D, Gleason C, Lonial S, Flowers CR, Kaufman JL, Waller EK. Effectiveness and cost analysis of "just-in-time" salvage plerixafor administration in autologous transplant patients with poor stem cell mobilization kinetics. Transfusion 51(10):2175-82, 2011. e-Pub 2011. PMID: 21492180.
157. Nooka A, Shenoy PJ, Sinha R, Lonial S, Flowers CR. Hepatitis C reactivation in patients who have diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with rituximab: a case report and review of literature. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 11(5):379-84, 2011. e-Pub 2011. PMID: 21729690.
158. Kahn S, Flowers C, Xu Z, Esiashvili N. Does the addition of involved field radiotherapy to high-dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation improve outcomes for patients with relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma?. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 81(1):175-80, 2011. e-Pub 2010. PMID: 20732769.
159. Renfroe H, Arnold M, Vaughn L, Harvey RD, Hamilton E, Lonial S, Khoury HJ, Kaufman JL, Lechowicz MJ, Flowers CR, Waller EK. A randomized clinical trial comparing granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor administration sites for mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells for patients with hematologic malignancies undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation. Transfusion 51(8):1779-83, 2011. e-Pub 2011. PMID: 21332729.
160. Schuster SJ, Neelapu SS, Gause BL, Janik JE, Muggia FM, Gockerman JP, Winter JN, Flowers CR, Nikcevich DA, Sotomayor EM, McGaughey DS, Jaffe ES, Chong EA, Reynolds CW, Berry DA, Santos CF, Popa MA, McCord AM, Kwak LW. Vaccination with patient-specific tumor-derived antigen in first remission improves disease-free survival in follicular lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 29(20):2787-94, 2011. e-Pub 2011. PMID: 21632504.
161. Shenoy PJ, Malik N, Nooka A, Sinha R, Ward KC, Brawley OW, Lipscomb J, Flowers CR. Racial differences in the presentation and outcomes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the United States. Cancer 117(11):2530-40, 2011. e-Pub 2010. PMID: 24048801.
162. Das P, Ng A, Constine LS, Advani R, Flowers C, Friedberg J, Hodgson DC, Schwartz CL, Wilder RB, Wilson LD, Yunes MJ. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® on Hodgkin's lymphoma-unfavorable clinical stage I and II. J Am Coll Radiol 8(5):302-8, 2011. PMID: 21531305.
163. Shenoy P, Maggioncalda A, Malik N, Flowers CR. Incidence patterns and outcomes for hodgkin lymphoma patients in the United States. Adv Hematol 2011:725219, 2011. e-Pub 2010. PMID: 21197477.
164. Abouyabis AN, Shenoy PJ, Sinha R, Flowers CR, Lechowicz MJ. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Front-line Anthracycline-Based Chemotherapy Regimens for Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma. ISRN Hematol 2011:623924, 2011. e-Pub 2011. PMID: 22084700.
165. Jima DD, Zhang J, Jacobs C, Richards KL, Dunphy CH, Choi WW, Au WY, Srivastava G, Czader MB, Rizzieri DA, Lagoo AS, Lugar PL, Mann KP, Flowers CR, Bernal-Mizrachi L, Naresh KN, Evens AM, Gordon LI, Luftig M, Friedman DR, Weinberg JB, Thompson MA, Gill JI, Liu Q, How T, Grubor V, Gao Y, Patel A, Wu H, Zhu J, Blobe GC, Lipsky PE, Chadburn A, Dave SS, Hematologic Malignancies Research Consortium. Deep sequencing of the small RNA transcriptome of normal and malignant human B cells identifies hundreds of novel microRNAs. Blood 116(23):e118-27, 2010. e-Pub 2010. PMID: 20733160.
166. David E, Kaufman JL, Flowers CR, Schafer-Hales K, Torre C, Chen J, Marcus AI, Sun SY, Boise LH, Lonial S. Tipifarnib sensitizes cells to proteasome inhibition by blocking degradation of bortezomib-induced aggresomes. Blood 116(24):5285-8, 2010. e-Pub 2010. PMID: 20844234.
167. Akhtari M, Giver CR, Ali Z, Flowers CR, Gleason CL, Hillyer CD, Kaufman J, Khoury HJ, Langston AA, Lechowicz MJ, Lonial S, Renfroe HM, Roback JD, Tighiouart M, Vaughn L, Waller EK. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of circulating blood dendritic cell precursors and T cells predicts response to extracorporeal photopheresis in patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease. Transfusion 50(11):2424-31, 2010. PMID: 20529004.
168. Lonial S, Kaufman J, Tighiouart M, Nooka A, Langston AA, Heffner LT, Torre C, McMillan S, Renfroe H, Harvey RD, Lechowicz MJ, Khoury HJ, Flowers CR, Waller EK. A phase I/II trial combining high-dose melphalan and autologous transplant with bortezomib for multiple myeloma: a dose- and schedule-finding study. Clin Cancer Res 16(20):5079-86, 2010. e-Pub 2010. PMID: 20739431.
169. Tran H, Arellano M, Chamsuddin A, Flowers C, Heffner LT, Langston A, Lechowicz MJ, Tindol A, Waller E, Winton EF, Khoury HJ. Deep venous thromboses in patients with hematological malignancies after peripherally inserted central venous catheters. Leuk Lymphoma 51(8):1473-7, 2010. PMID: 20443681.
170. Shenoy P, Sinha R, Tumeh JW, Lechowicz MJ, Flowers CR. Surveillance computed tomography scans for patients with lymphoma: is the risk worth the benefits?. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 10(4):270-7, 2010. PMID: 20709663.
171. Ng A, Constine LS, Advani R, Das P, Flowers C, Friedberg J, Hodgson DC, Schwartz CL, Wilder RB, Wilson LD, Yunes MJ. ACR Appropriateness Criteria: follow-up of Hodgkin's lymphoma. Curr Probl Cancer 34(3):211-27, 2010. PMID: 20541059.
172. Berry J, Caplan L, Davis S, Minor P, Counts-Spriggs M, Glover R, Ogunlade V, Bumpers K, Kauh J, Brawley OW, Flowers C. A black-white comparison of the quality of stage-specific colon cancer treatment. Cancer 116(3):713-22, 2010. PMID: 19950126.
173. de Vos S, Goy A, Dakhil SR, Saleh MN, McLaughlin P, Belt R, Flowers CR, Knapp M, Hart L, Patel-Donnelly D, Glenn M, Gregory SA, Holladay C, Zhang T, Boral AL. Multicenter randomized phase II study of weekly or twice-weekly bortezomib plus rituximab in patients with relapsed or refractory follicular or marginal-zone B-cell lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 27(30):5023-30, 2009. e-Pub 2009. PMID: 19770386.
174. Galloway RL, Levett PN, Tumeh JW, Flowers CR. Assessing cost effectiveness of empirical and prophylactic therapy for managing leptospirosis outbreaks. Epidemiol Infect 137(9):1323-32, 2009. e-Pub 2009. PMID: 19161641.
175. Huang T, Shenoy PJ, Sinha R, Graiser M, Bumpers KW, Flowers CR. Development of the Lymphoma Enterprise Architecture Database: a caBIG Silver level compliant system. Cancer Inform 8:45-64, 2009. e-Pub 2009. PMID: 19492074.
176. Friedberg JW, Taylor MD, Cerhan JR, Flowers CR, Dillon H, Farber CM, Rogers ES, Hainsworth JD, Wong EK, Vose JM, Zelenetz AD, Link BK. Follicular lymphoma in the United States: first report of the national LymphoCare study. J Clin Oncol 27(8):1202-8, 2009. e-Pub 2009. PMID: 19204203.
177. Tumeh JW, Shenoy PJ, Moore SG, Kauh J, Flowers C. A Markov model assessing the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of FOLFOX compared with FOLFIRI for the initial treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Am J Clin Oncol 32(1):49-55, 2009. PMID: 19194125.
178. Reisman RM, Shenoy PJ, Atherly AJ, Flowers CR. Prescription opioid usage and abuse relationships: an evaluation of state prescription drug monitoring program efficacy. Subst Abuse 3:41-51, 2009. e-Pub 2009. PMID: 24357929.
179. Moore SG, Shenoy PJ, Fanucchi L, Tumeh JW, Flowers CR. Cost-effectiveness of MRI compared to mammography for breast cancer screening in a high risk population. BMC Health Serv Res 9:9, 2009. e-Pub 2009. PMID: 19144138.
180. Abouyabis AN, Shenoy PJ, Lechowicz MJ, Flowers CR. Incidence and outcomes of the peripheral T-cell lymphoma subtypes in the United States. Leuk Lymphoma 49(11):2099-107, 2008. PMID: 19021052.
181. Murali S, Winton E, Waller EK, Heffner LT, Lonial S, Flowers C, Kaufman J, Arellano M, Lechowicz MJ, Mann KP, Khoury HJ, Langston AA. Long-term progression-free survival after early autologous transplantation for mantle-cell lymphoma. Bone Marrow Transplant 42(8):529-34, 2008. e-Pub 2008. PMID: 18622414.
182. Lyman GH, Khorana AA, Falanga A, Clarke-Pearson D, Flowers C, Jahanzeb M, Kakkar A, Kuderer NM, Levine MN, Liebman H, Mendelson D, Raskob G, Somerfield MR, Thodiyil P, Trent D, Francis CW, American Society of Clinical Oncology. American Society of Clinical Oncology guideline: recommendations for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis and treatment in patients with cancer. J Clin Oncol 25(34):5490-505, 2007. e-Pub 2007. PMID: 17968019.
183. Ninan MJ, Flowers CR, Roback JD, Arellano ML, Waller EK. Posttransplant thrombopoiesis predicts survival in patients undergoing autologous hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 13(8):895-904, 2007. e-Pub 2007. PMID: 17640593.
184. Thornton JG, Morris AM, Thornton JD, Flowers CR, McCashland TM. Racial variation in colorectal polyp and tumor location. J Natl Med Assoc 99(7):723-8, 2007. PMID: 17668638.
185. Graiser M, Moore SG, Victor R, Hilliard A, Hill L, Keehan MS, Flowers CR. Development of query strategies to identify a histologic lymphoma subtype in a large linked database system. Cancer Inform 3:149-58, 2007. e-Pub 2007. PMID: 19455241.
186. Hicks ML, Lonial S, Langston A, Flowers C, Roback JD, Smith KJ, Mossavi Sai S, Teagarden D, Hamilton ES, Waller EK, Kaufman J. Optimizing the timing of chemotherapy for mobilizing autologous blood hematopoietic progenitor cells. Transfusion 47(4):629-35, 2007. PMID: 17381621.
187. Arellano ML, Langston A, Winton E, Flowers CR, Waller EK. Treatment of relapsed acute leukemia after allogeneic transplantation: a single center experience. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 13(1):116-23, 2007. PMID: 17222760.
188. Moore S, Tumeh J, Wojtanowski S, Flowers C. Cost-effectiveness of aprepitant for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting associated with highly emetogenic chemotherapy. Value Health 10(1):23-31, 2007. PMID: 17261113.
189. Kahn ST, Flowers C, Lechowicz MJ, Hollenbach K, Johnstone PA. Value of PET restaging after chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: implications for consolidation radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 66(4):961-5, 2006. PMID: 17145526.
190. Lonial S, Arellano M, Hutcherson D, Langston A, Flowers C, Heffner LT, Winton E, Jo Lechowicz M, Waller EK. Results of a clinical phase I dose-escalation study of cytarabine in combination with fixed-dose vinorelbine, paclitaxel, etoposide and cisplatin for the treatment of relapsed/refractory lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 47(10):2155-62, 2006. PMID: 17071490.
191. Kahn ST, Flowers CR, Lechowicz MJ, Hollenbach K, Johnstone PA. Refractory or relapsed Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: optimizing involved-field radiotherapy in transplant patients. Cancer J 11(5):425-31, 2005. PMID: 16259874.
192. Kao LS, Flowers C, Flum DR. Prophylactic cholecystectomy in transplant patients: a decision analysis. J Gastrointest Surg 9(7):965-72, 2005. PMID: 16137593.
193. Tumeh JW, Moore SG, Shapiro R, Flowers CR. Practical approach for using Medicare data to estimate costs for cost-effectiveness analysis. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 5(2):153-62, 2005. PMID: 19807571.
194. Diaconescu R, Flowers CR, Storer B, Sorror ML, Maris MB, Maloney DG, Sandmaier BM, Storb R. Morbidity and mortality with nonmyeloablative compared with myeloablative conditioning before hematopoietic cell transplantation from HLA-matched related donors. Blood 104(5):1550-8, 2004. e-Pub 2004. PMID: 15150081.
195. Sorror ML, Maris MB, Storer B, Sandmaier BM, Diaconescu R, Flowers C, Maloney DG, Storb R. Comparing morbidity and mortality of HLA-matched unrelated donor hematopoietic cell transplantation after nonmyeloablative and myeloablative conditioning: influence of pretransplantation comorbidities. Blood 104(4):961-8, 2004. e-Pub 2004. PMID: 15113759.
196. Morris AM, Flowers CR, Morris KT, Schmidt WA, Pommier RF, Vetto JT. Comparing the cost-effectiveness of the triple test score to traditional methods for evaluating palpable breast masses. Med Care 41(8):962-71, 2003. PMID: 12886175.
197. Flum DR, Flowers C, Veenstra DL. A cost-effectiveness analysis of intraoperative cholangiography in the prevention of bile duct injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. J Am Coll Surg 196(3):385-93, 2003. PMID: 12648690.
198. Feinstein L, Sandmaier B, Maloney D, McSweeney PA, Maris M, Flowers C, Radich J, Little MT, Nash RA, Chauncey T, Woolfrey A, Georges G, Kiem HP, Zaucha JM, Blume KG, Shizuru J, Niederwieser D, Storb R. Nonmyeloablative hematopoietic cell transplantation. Replacing high-dose cytotoxic therapy by the graft-versus-tumor effect. Ann N Y Acad Sci 938:328-37; discussion 337-9, 2001. PMID: 11458521.
199. Flowers CR, Melmon KL. Clinical investigators as critical determinants in pharmaceutical innovation. Nat Med 3(2):136-43, 1997. PMID: 9018224.
200. Flowers CR, Garber AM, Bergen MR, Lenert LA. Willingness-to-pay utility assessment: feasibility of use in normative patient decision support systems. Proc AMIA Annu Fall Symp:223-7, 1997. PMID: 9357621.
201. King, R; Villeneuve, E; Post, L; Flowers, C; and Moonshine, K. Aesthetic preference and DSM-IIIR personality disorders. Personality and Individual Difference 18(6):797-799, 1995.
202. Lenert, LA; Michelson, D; and Flowers, C.. IMPACT: An object-oriented graphical environment for construction of multimedia patient interviewing software. Proc Annu Symp Comput Appl Med Care:319-323, 1995.

Invited Articles

1. Aleynick M, Svensson-Arvelund J, Flowers CR, Marabelle A, Brody JD. Pathogen Molecular Pattern Receptor Agonists: Treating Cancer by Mimicking Infection. Clin Cancer Res. e-Pub 2019. PMID: 31123052.
2. Braga CC, Taplitz RA, Flowers CR. Clinical Implications of Febrile Neutropenia Guidelines in the Cancer Patient Population. J Oncol Pract 15(1):25-26, 2019. PMID: 30629901.
3. Çaglayan Ç, Terawaki H, Chen Q, Rai A, Ayer T, Flowers CR. Microsimulation Modeling in Oncology. JCO Clin Cancer Inform 2:1-11, 2018. PMID: 30652551.
4. Flowers CR, Leonard JP, Nastoupil LJ. Novel immunotherapy approaches to follicular lymphoma. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2018(1):194-199, 2018. PMID: 30504310.
5. Leonard JP, Nastoupil LJ, Flowers CR. Where to start? Upfront therapy for follicular lymphoma in 2018. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2018(1):185-188, 2018. PMID: 30504308.
6. Nastoupil LJ, Flowers CR, Leonard JP. Sequencing of therapies in relapsed follicular lymphoma. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2018(1):189-193, 2018. PMID: 30504309.
7. Nastoupil LJ, Prasad V, Flowers CR. The need to assess financial adverse events. Lancet Haematol 5(11):e508-e509, 2018. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 29907551.
8. McCullough LE, Flowers CR. Identifying and Addressing Disparities in Survival Outcomes for Rural Patients with Cancer. JAMA Netw Open 1(4):e181243, 2018. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 30646109.
9. Hall KH, Panjic EH, Valla K, Flowers CR, Cohen JB. How to Decide Which DLBCL Patients Should Receive CNS Prophylaxis. Oncology (Williston Park) 32(6):303-9, 2018. PMID: 29940062.
10. Valla K, Flowers CR, Koff JL. Targeting the B cell receptor pathway in non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 27(6):513-522, 2018. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 29855199.
11. Rosand CB, Valla K, Flowers CR, Koff JL. Effective management strategies for patients with marginal zone lymphoma. Future Oncol 14(12):1213-1222, 2018. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 29260925.
12. Allen PB, Flowers CR. Balancing patient value and payer cost in hematologic malignancies: can it be done?. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 18(2):123-126, 2018. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 29486601.
13. Taplitz RA, Kennedy EB, Flowers CR. Outpatient Management of Fever and Neutropenia in Adults Treated for Malignancy: American Society of Clinical Oncology and Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice Guideline Update Summary. J Oncol Pract 14(4):250-255, 2018. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 29517953.
14. Jordan J, Goldstein JS, Jaye DL, Gurcan M, Flowers CR, Cooper LAD. Informatics Approaches to Address New Challenges in the Classification of Lymphoid Malignancies. JCO Clin Cancer Inform 2, 2018. e-Pub 2018. PMID: 30637363.
15. Chang A, Schlafer D, Flowers CR, Allen PB. Investigational PD-1 inhibitors in HL and NHL and biomarkers for predictors of response and outcome. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 27(1):55-70, 2018. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 29228840.
16. Ward EM, Flowers CR, Gansler T, Omer SB, Bednarczyk RA. The importance of immunization in cancer prevention, treatment, and survivorship. CA Cancer J Clin 67(5):398-410, 2017. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 28753241.
17. Casulo C, Nastoupil L, Fowler NH, Friedberg JW, Flowers CR. Unmet needs in the first-line treatment of follicular lymphoma. Ann Oncol 28(9):2094-2106, 2017. PMID: 28430865.
18. Winkfield KM, Flowers CR, Patel JD, Rodriguez G, Robinson P, Agarwal A, Pierce L, Brawley OW, Mitchell EP, Head-Smith KT, Wollins DS, Hayes DF. American Society of Clinical Oncology Strategic Plan for Increasing Racial and Ethnic Diversity in the Oncology Workforce. J Clin Oncol 35(22):2576-2579, 2017. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 28459634.
19. Greenwell IB, Flowers CR, Blum KA, Cohen JB. Clinical use of PI3K inhibitors in B-cell lymphoid malignancies: today and tomorrow. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 17(3):271-279, 2017. e-Pub 2017. PMID: 28112970.
20. Winkfield KM, Flowers CR, Mitchell EP. Making the Case for Improving Oncology Workforce Diversity. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 37:18-22, 2017. PMID: 28561643.
21. Koff JL, Flowers CR. B cells gone rogue: the intersection of diffuse large B cell lymphoma and autoimmune disease. Expert Rev Hematol 9(6):553-61, 2016. e-Pub 2016. PMID: 27098121.
22. Glass S, Phan A, Williams JN, Flowers CR, Koff JL. Integrating understanding of epidemiology and genomics in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma as a pathway to novel management strategies. Discov Med 21(115):181-8, 2016. PMID: 27115168.
23. Koff JL, Chihara D, Phan A, Nastoupil LJ, Williams JN, Flowers CR. To Each Its Own: Linking the Biology and Epidemiology of NHL Subtypes. Curr Hematol Malig Rep 10(3):244-55, 2015. PMID: 26104907.
24. Chihara D, Nastoupil LJ, Williams JN, Lee P, Koff JL, Flowers CR. New insights into the epidemiology of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and implications for therapy. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 15(5):531-44, 2015. e-Pub 2015. PMID: 25864967.
25. Shi Z, Esiashvili N, Flowers C, Das S, Khan MK. Renewed interest in the role of consolidative radiotherapy in advanced stage diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 54(10):2122-30, 2013. e-Pub 2013. PMID: 23445367.
26. Nastoupil LJ, Sinha R, Flowers CR. The role of chemotherapy in managing chronic lymphocytic leukemia: optimizing combinations with targeted therapy. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 13(9):1089-108, 2013. e-Pub 2013. PMID: 23919536.
27. Cohen JB, Flowers CR. Peripheral T-cell lymphoma: what's the role for transplant?. Oncology (Williston Park) 27(9):891-2, 2013. PMID: 24282986.
28. Nastoupil LJ, Flowers CR. Management of relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia: applying guidelines to practice. Community Oncol 9(12):S85-S92, 2012. PMID: 23316119.
29. Nastoupil L, Sinha R, Hirschey A, Flowers CR. Considerations in the initial management of follicular lymphoma. Community Oncol 9(11):S53-S60, 2012. PMID: 23544009.
30. Chen Q, Ayer T, Nastoupil LJ, Seward M, Zhang H, Sinha R, Flowers CR. Initial management strategies for follicular lymphoma. Int J Hematol Oncol 1(1):35-45, 2012. PMID: 23476737.
31. Nastoupil LJ, Rose AC, Flowers CR. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: current treatment approaches. Oncology (Williston Park) 26(5):488-95, 2012. PMID: 22730604.
32. Ambinder AJ, Shenoy PJ, Malik N, Maggioncalda A, Nastoupil LJ, Flowers CR. Exploring risk factors for follicular lymphoma. Adv Hematol 2012:626035, 2012. e-Pub 2012. PMID: 23028387.
33. Flowers CR, Nastoupil LJ, Bernal-Mizrachi L, Rose AC, Sinha R. New Challenges in the Management of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Treat Strategies Hematol 2(1):68-73, 2012. PMID: 23805376.
34. Sinha R, DeJoubner N, Flowers C. Novel agents for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 20(5):669-80, 2011. e-Pub 2011. PMID: 21443388.
35. Abouyabis AN, Shenoy PJ, Lechowicz MJ, Flowers CR. Stem cell transplantation as a biological therapy for peripheral T-cell lymphomas. Expert Opin Biol Ther 11(1):31-40, 2011. e-Pub 2010. PMID: 21073355.
36. Mahaseth H, Brody JD, Sinha R, Shenoy PJ, Flowers CR. Idiotype vaccine strategies for treatment of follicular lymphoma. Future Oncol 7(1):111-22, 2011. PMID: 21174542.
37. Maggioncalda A, Malik N, Shenoy P, Smith M, Sinha R, Flowers CR. Clinical, molecular, and environmental risk factors for hodgkin lymphoma. Adv Hematol 2011:736261, 2011. e-Pub 2010. PMID: 21127715.
38. Flowers CR, Armitage JO. A decade of progress in lymphoma: advances and continuing challenges. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 10(6):414-23, 2010. PMID: 21156459.
39. Flowers CR, Sinha R, Vose JM. Improving outcomes for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. CA Cancer J Clin 60(6):393-408, 2010. e-Pub 2010. PMID: 21030533.
40. Flowers CR. Improving our use and understanding of antibodies in B-cell lymphomas. Oncology (Williston Park) 24(2):176-7, 2010. PMID: 20361468.
41. Flowers CR, Veenstra D. The role of cost-effectiveness analysis in the era of pharmacogenomics. Pharmacoeconomics 22(8):481-93, 2004. PMID: 15217305.
42. King, RJ; Flowers, CR; and Stewart, S. NIDA Res Monogr. Neurochemical models of temperament: applications to cocaine induced craving 159:228-263, 1996.

Book Chapters

1. Nastoupil LJ, Koff JL, Bernal-Mizrachi L, Flowers CR. Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in Adults. In: American Cancer Society Textbook of Oncology. First. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA: Atlanta, Georgia, USA, 444-462, 2018.
2. Gladney SP; Flowers,C; Langston A; and Lonial S. Mantle Cell Lymphoma: Current and Future Therapies. In: Cancer Research at the Leading Edge, Ed. Ignatius Martakis, 2007.
3. Kaklamani VG; Flowers C; Williams S; O’Regan R. Use of Bone Stem Cell Transplantation in Breast Cancer. In: Surgery of the Breast: Principles and Art. Scott L Spear, Shawna C Willey, Geoffrey L Robb, Dennis C Hammond, and Maurice Y Nahabedian eds., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Hagerstown, MD, 2005.
4. Flowers CR and Melmon KL. Clinical champions as critical determinants of drug development. In: Pharmaceutical Innovation: Revolutionizing Human Health. Ralph Landau, 1999.